Samuel Larsen
All work
Case study · Transit interior

The traveling office.

Amtrak Business Class. A business class for people who get their real work done between stations.

Amtrak Business Class
Role

Team of 3 with Margit Williams and Michael Dufresne

Timeline

[N] weeks · 2026

Tools

Sketching · cardboard mockups · [CAD] · [Rendering]

Deliverables

Layouts, full-scale prototypes, renders

Problem

35.5 million US hybrid or remote workers and record ridership, but business class offers little privacy or work space.

Insight

Contemporary offices already solve this with ergonomic seating, spatial separation and a sense of privacy.

Outcome

A modular business class with private seats, a large work surface, lockable storage and pathfinding light.

01 · Research

With more people working remotely, how can Amtrak better meet their needs?

By the end of 2024 there were 35.5 million hybrid or remote workers in the US, and Amtrak is seeing record ridership, growing about 5% a year. Our traveler, Abby, 32, lives in Sacramento and works for a company in Chicago, traveling for in-person conferences. In today's business class she lacks accommodations and struggles to have her own space.

Abby Montague, 32: a remote worker who travels for work conferences.
Abby Montague, 32: a remote worker who travels for work conferences.
Abby's trip in today's business class.
Abby's trip in today's business class.
Pain point: lack of privacy.
Pain point: lack of privacy.
Pain point: inaccessible functions.
Pain point: inaccessible functions.
Pain point: minimal work space.
Pain point: minimal work space.
Analogues: contemporary office workspaces model what work needs, with ergonomic seating, spatial separation and a sense of privacy.
Exploring how those features could work in a train setting.
Exploring how those features could work in a train setting.
Decision 01

Seat 50–70% of coach

We drew layouts of passenger accommodations at full car length, then sat in them to test the spacing.

Drawing layouts at car length, then sitting in them to test spacing.
Three of the layouts we compared.
Chosen direction
Seat concepts for a layout that balanced maximum occupancy and privacy. We carried the center concept forward.
Starting assumption

Privacy means private pods, and far fewer seats per car.

Evidence

Ticket pricing only stays coherent if business class seats 50–70% of a coach car.

Decision

Define the layout first, balancing maximum occupancy with privacy, then design the seat to fit it.

Trade-off

[e.g. less personal space than a pod.]

Decision 02

Validate space with full-scale prototypes

Quick full-scale prototypes to validate spatial needs.
Refining the prototype at full scale and in CAD.
Starting assumption

Plans and renders would be enough to judge spatial needs.

Evidence

Sitting in quick cardboard mockups exposed reach, privacy and work-surface issues.

Decision

Validate every spatial need at full scale before refining the seat.

Trade-off

[What the mockups couldn't tell you.]

02 · Refinement

Refining the seat as a system

With the layout and spatial needs set, we pinned up sketches, renders and prototype photos side by side to refine the seat, partitions and work surface together.

Design refinement wall.
Design refinement wall.
Decision 03

Modular, not fixed

The modular elements.
Upholstery is easily replaced: the headrest, back and seat panels come off as separate pieces.
Top to bottom: doubles, singles and mixed layouts.
Top to bottom: doubles, singles and mixed layouts.
  • DoublesPairs traveling together
  • SinglesSolo workers who want privacy
  • MixedBoth in one car
Starting assumption

One seating arrangement would serve every rider.

Evidence

Riders differ: pairs traveling together, solo workers, and mixes of both.

Decision

Modular partitions, panels and seats create doubles, singles or mixed layouts that adapt to changing expectations. Upholstery is easily replaced.

Trade-off

[e.g. more parts to maintain.]

03 · In the car

Small comforts at every seat

Lockable storage above each seat, lighting that guides the aisle and finds your seat, and highly adjustable seating with upholstery that's easy to replace.

Luggage storage is individual and lockable.
The seating area features passenger information and a large work surface.
Seating is highly adjustable. Inset: the release under the armrest.
Seating is highly adjustable. Inset: the release under the armrest.
Inset: the seat-adjustment controls.
Inset: the seat-adjustment controls.
Lighting helps with pathfinding and illuminates your seat.
04 · Final design

Business Class, reimagined

Private, adjustable seating down the length of the car.
Private, adjustable seating down the length of the car.
Adjustable seating

Highly adjustable, with replaceable upholstery.

Work surface

A large surface plus passenger information at the seat.

Lockable storage

Individual luggage storage above each seat.

Pathfinding light

Lighting guides the aisle and illuminates one's seat.

Abby arrives feeling prepared and relaxed.
Abby arrives feeling prepared and relaxed.
05 · Reflection

What I'd do next

  • [A real limitation, e.g. accessibility and boarding flow weren't fully tested.]
  • [What you'd validate with Amtrak or riders next.]
  • [What you learned working in a team of three.]